Hello Patrick,
Would you be able to share a video of the exp you are seeing between the two different Mobile OS’?
As an Android Engineer myself and keeping up with the mobile AR space since 2016, my first impression is that Android, unfortunately, is just not there yet in terms of technical maturity in this space compared to iOS. From working on iOS with multiple hackathons and AR applications, it seems like the AR tech there (ARKit) is more robust and further ahead than Android (ARCore).
Hopefully the difference in the exp is not a setback for you and your project!